Abstract
In recent decades, the migration of highly educated individuals, skilled professionals, and entrepreneurial human resources has become widely known as Brain Drain. Drawing upon previous research and the findings of numerous scholars, this study seeks to examine the various dimensions of this important and often detrimental phenomenon through a three-part framework consisting of historical background, causes, and policy solutions.
The present paper constitutes the first part of this series and focuses on the historical development of brain drain in Iran. Based on historical documents, published studies, and expert analyses, the evolution of the phenomenon is divided into three major periods: the Monarchy Era, the Revolution and Crisis Period, and the Period of Relative Stability and Consolidation. The paper reviews the major events, social conditions, and migration patterns that characterized each of these periods.
Understanding the historical trajectory of brain drain is particularly important because available statistics indicate that the rate of emigration of skilled and educated individuals has shown a positive growth trend throughout all three periods. The study argues that in the contemporary era, characterized by accelerating globalization and the increasing international exchange of knowledge, countries seeking scientific advancement and a competitive position in the global knowledge economy must strive to transform brain drain into brain circulation and knowledge exchange.
The paper highlights the importance of developing policies that encourage collaboration, international engagement, and the return or continued participation of highly skilled professionals in national development, thereby converting migration from a challenge into an opportunity for scientific and technological progress.
Research Areas: Engineering Education, Human Capital Development, Migration Studies, Science and Technology Policy, Higher Education
Keywords: Brain Drain, Skilled Migration, Human Capital, Knowledge Exchange, Brain Circulation, Globalization, Science Policy, Iran
Authors: Mohammad Hossein Mir Bagheri, Samira Seyed Mirza, Parviz Davami
Journal: Iranian Journal of Engineering Education
Volume 6, Issue 24 (Winter 2005)
Pages: 75–90
DOI: 10.22047/IJEE.2005.2221
Publication Link: https://www.ensani.ir/fa/article/562307/فرار-مغزها-تاریخچه