{"id":7705,"date":"2026-07-13T08:18:23","date_gmt":"2026-07-13T08:18:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rms-labgroup.com\/?p=7705"},"modified":"2026-07-16T07:50:02","modified_gmt":"2026-07-16T07:50:02","slug":"oxidation-behavior-of-aisi-321-aisi-316-and-aisi-409-stainless-steels-kinetic-thermodynamic-and-diffusion-studies","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rms-labgroup.com\/tr\/blog\/articles\/oxidation-behavior-of-aisi-321-aisi-316-and-aisi-409-stainless-steels-kinetic-thermodynamic-and-diffusion-studies\/","title":{"rendered":"Oxidation behavior of AISI 321, AISI 316, and AISI 409 stainless steels: Kinetic, thermodynamic, and diffusion studies"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"7705\" class=\"elementor elementor-7705\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-898ce78 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"898ce78\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-57ed318 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"57ed318\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Abdolvahid Movahedi-Rad School of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 11365, Iran<\/p><p>\u00a0Seyedeh Sogol Pelaseyed and Mitra Attariana) Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 11365, Iran; and Razi Metallurgical Research Center (RMRC), Tehran 37515, Iran<\/p><p>Reza Shokrallahzadeh Iran Power Plant Project Management MAPNA, Tehran, Iran<\/p><p>Abstract<\/p><p>The oxidation behavior of three types of stainless steels, namely AISI 321, AISI 316, and AISI 409, was compared. In all stainless steels, oxide layers were formed and their masses and thicknesses increased with oxidation time. Among them, AISI 409 ferritic stainless steel demonstrated higher oxidation rate. According to the kinetical oxidation behavior of them at elevated temperatures, the oxidation mechanism was determined. Among them, the AISI 409 ferritic stainless steel showed the lowest and AISI 321 austenitic stainless steel demonstrated the highest oxidation resistance. Based on the experimental results, it was suggested that the kinetic of oxide growth in stainless steels was followed by a parabolic relationship. In all cases, a well-known Cr-rich internal oxidation zone (IOZ) was observed. The formation of IOZ was suggested by the Gibbs free energy expression and confirmed by following up the formed oxide layers at different holding times. Furthermore, the formation of thicker oxide layers in ferritic stainless steel was explained by using solid-state diffusion relations and supported by quasi-steady-state approximation of Fick\u2019s first law<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>Link:<\/p><p>https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/journals\/journal-of-materials-research\/article\/abs\/oxidation-behavior-of-aisi-321-aisi-316-and-aisi-409-stainless-steels-kinetic-thermodynamic-and-diffusion-studies\/C199BC829D2492644FCA4C967127CCEE<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Abdolvahid Movahedi-Rad School of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 11365, Iran \u00a0Seyedeh Sogol Pelaseyed and Mitra Attariana) Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 11365, Iran; and Razi Metallurgical Research Center (RMRC), Tehran 37515, Iran Reza Shokrallahzadeh Iran Power Plant Project Management MAPNA, Tehran, Iran [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8702,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7705","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Oxidation behavior of AISI 321, AISI 316, and AISI 409 stainless steels: Kinetic, thermodynamic, and diffusion studies - RMS Lab Group<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Oxidation behavior of AISI 321, AISI 316, and AISI 409 stainless steels: Kinetic, thermodynamic, and diffusion studies - RMS Lab Group\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Abdolvahid Movahedi-Rad School of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 11365, Iran \u00a0Seyedeh Sogol Pelaseyed and Mitra Attariana) Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 11365, Iran; and Razi Metallurgical Research Center (RMRC), Tehran 37515, Iran Reza Shokrallahzadeh Iran Power Plant Project Management MAPNA, Tehran, Iran [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/rms-labgroup.com\/tr\/blog\/articles\/oxidation-behavior-of-aisi-321-aisi-316-and-aisi-409-stainless-steels-kinetic-thermodynamic-and-diffusion-studies\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"RMS Lab Group\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-07-13T08:18:23+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" 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